functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive neuroimaging method that, similar to fMRI, takes advantage of neurovascular coupling to detect cortical brain activity
fNIRS measures concentration changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin via their different spectral absorption characteristics
Via the typical hemodynamic response function that goes along with neuronal activity active brain regions can be detected with high spatial resolution
In contrast to other methods like fMRI or EEG, fNIRS is not strongly affected by movement artifacts, opening up the unique possibility for measurements of neural activity in applied settings
Lab equipment:
a portable NIRSportTM NIRS system (NIRx Medizintechnik GmbH) with time-multiplexed double-wavelength LED control
the 8 LED sources can be combined individually with the active 8 sensors resulting in a theoretical maximum of 64 channels
both sources and sensors are - in accordance to the question - placed in 130 position an EEG cap
the recording via a laptop (Intel Core i5, 8GB DDR3 500GB SSD) equipped with NIRStar recording software
NIRS Brain AnalyzIR Toolbox (Santosa, Zhai, Fishburn & Huppert, 2018) for Matlab (MathWorks) is used for statistical analyses
the system is compatible with the hardware and software of the EEG-lab